## Branching in GitHub

### What is a Branch?
- A branch is a copy of the main codebase.
- Allows working on features without affecting main branch.
- Default branch is usually called main.

### Creating and Using Branches
- Branches are created from main.
- Changes in branches remain isolated until merged.
- Helps in experimentation and feature development.

### Commits
- A commit saves changes to the repository.
- Each commit has:
    - Unique ID
    - Commit message
- Commit messages explain why a change was made.

### Pull Requests (PR)
- A pull request proposes changes from one branch to another.
- Shows differences (diffs) between branches.
- Allows review and discussion before merging.

### Merging a Pull Request
- Combines branch changes into main.
- Conflicts must be resolved before merge.
- After merging, branches can be deleted safely.

### Benefits of Pull Requests
- Code review
- Quality control
- Clear change history
- Team collaboration